The ablution in Islam has an important place for the pious life of a believer. Islam requires the purification of mind and body from its adherents. Wudu and Ghusl i.e. partial and complete purification are required in various circumstances. Both these two ritual purifications are dealt with in Islamic books under the title of Kitabut Taharah.
Salah is mandatory in Islam and wudu (ablution) is an integral part to it, so let us discuss the wudu in Islam.
Faraiz in Wudu –
Four things are mandatory (Farz) in Wudu. First is washing the face and the limit of washing is from head hairs upto the shin and upto both ears. Washing both the hands with the elbows is the second mandatory element in wudu. Third farz is wiping the fourth part of the head and the last one is washing both legs upto the anklets. If the beard is dense, bringing water under the hairs of the beard is not necessary. Even if any part of these four parts remains to be washed in a quantity of nail, wudu shall not be valid. According to Imam Shafai, Imam Ahmad and Imam Malik intention and sequence also are mandatory and washing in succession also is mandatory according to Imam Malik (R). Imam Ahmad (R) opines that reciting Basmala, bringing water in the mouth and the nostrils too are required. Imam Malik and Ahmad (R) say that wiping entire head is necessary. Therefore, it is better that all these things be complied with.
Sunnah in Wudu
First: Washing both the hands until the wrist three times,
Second: To recite Basmala,
Third: Pouring Water in the mouth three times
Fourth: Doing Miswak
Fifth: Pouring water three times in the nostrils
Sixth: Cleansing the nostrils
Seventh: Washing the face three times
Eighth: Washing both the hands with the elbow
Ninth: Wiping the entire head once
Tenth: To apply masah on both the ears with the head, to take new water is not necessary,
Eleventh: Washing both the legs with ankles three times,
Twelfth:
Ruling about the socks:
If there are socks in the leg and they have been worn after proper ablution, it is permissible for the resident for one night and one day and for the traveler for three nights and days not to take off the socks from the leg from the time of wudu breaker happens and masah shall be applied on the stock. If the sock is torn out in a manner that the part of the leg equal to three fingers is evident, applying masah on it shall not be permissible. If a person is with Wudu and he pulls the socks to the extent that the major part of the leg appears from the sock or the sock gets torn out at the time of applying masah, in both these cases, both the socks shall be taken off and both the legs shall be washed out and repeating wudu is not required, but Imam Malik is of the opposite view. Three fingers part over the leg to be applied in masah over the sock is required and Sunnah is that all the five fingers of the hand be spread from the upper part of the leg finger upto the anklet and it is mandatory as per Imam Ahmad (R) and it is better and after wudu, its dua should be recited and he should perform two rakah of prayer. (Based on Mala Budda Minhu) ‘Rendered by Hamid Siddiqui)
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